Foreign Policy of Catherine II: Western and Southern Strategies

The reign of Catherine II marked a major transformation in international relations and territorial expansion in Eastern Europe and the Black Sea region. This course guides you through the strategic decisions, conflicts, and diplomatic treaties that defined Russian foreign policy from 1762 to 1796. You will start with core historical terminology and the geopolitical landscape of 18th-century Europe before analyzing key military and political developments. Through detailed readings, you will build a clear understanding of how imperial diplomacy operated across two primary fronts. What you'll learn: Understand key concepts and terminology of 18th-century international diplomacy. Analyze the motives and outcomes of the southern expansion, including the Russo-Turkish Wars and the integration of Crimea. Explore the western vector, focusing on the diplomatic alliances and partitions of Poland. Evaluate the role of key treaties in establishing naval power and securing strategic trade routes. Examine the long-term geopolitical and economic impacts of Catherine II's reign on regional diplomacy. The course begins with foundational concepts of early modern diplomacy, progressing through major conflicts, territorial changes, and statecraft. Designed specifically for beginners and history enthusiasts, this course requires no prior background in imperial history. Read through the lessons to gain a structured perspective on 18th-century foreign policy.